Pixel gray measurement for the diagnosis of dental ankylosis in cone beam computed tomography images.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate dental ankylosis in unerupted or partially erupted teeth by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to quantify pixel intensity. STUDY DESIGN: In total, 157 CBCT images from individuals with a total of 206 unerupted or partially erupted teeth with suspected ankylosis were evaluated. CBCT images were analyzed for the presence of ankylosis by 2 oral radiologists by quantifying mean pixel intensities (analysis 1) and variations in pixel intensities (analysis 2) in normal and ankylosed regions. The association between ankylosis and demographic and tooth-related factors was also examined. RESULTS: Ankylosis was diagnosed in 57 teeth (27.7%). The diagnosis was established with all 3 multiplanar reconstruction views in 22 of these teeth (38.6%). In analysis 1, a higher pixel intensity was observed in areas with ankylosis compared with normal periodontal ligament (PDL) density as a result of bone deposition in this region, which is characteristic of ankylosis (P < .001). In analysis 2, reductions in pixel intensity were greater in the PDL areas than in the ankylosed areas. Ankylosis was significantly associated with the anterior teeth, the maxillary arch, single-rooted teeth, and impacted teeth (P ≤ .026). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that CBCT measurement of pixel intensity may be useful for the diagnosis of ankylosis.

Forensic Identification of Decomposed Human Body through Comparison between Ante-Mortem and Post-Mortem CT Images of Frontal Sinuses: Case Report.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to report on a case of positive human identification of a decomposed body after the comparison of ante-mortem (AM) and port-mortem (PM) computed tomography images of frontal sinus. CASE REPORT: An unknown, highly decomposed human body, aged between 30 and 40 years, was found in a forest region in Brazil. The dental autopsy revealed several teeth missing AM and the presence of removable partial prostheses. The search for AM data resulted in a sequence of 20 axial images of the paranasal sinuses obtained by Multislice Computed Tomography (MSCT). PM reproduction of the MSCT images was performed in order to enable a comparative identification. After a direct confrontation between AM/PM MSCT, the data were collected for morphological findings, specifically for the lateral expansion of the left lobe, the anteroposterior dimension, and the position of median and accessory septa of the sinuses. CONCLUSION: The importance of storing and interpreting radiographic medical data properly is highlighted in this text, thus pointing out the importance of application of forensic radiology in the field of law.

Anatomical variations in the permanent mandibular canine: forensic importance

Introduction: The uniqueness of dental morphology plays an important role in Forensic Odontology, especially for human identifications, in which a single tooth can provide information for dental identification. Objective: To address the importance of a permanent lower canine with two roots for dental identification considering the internal and external morphology of the canine roots. Case report: To report a forensic case in which a two-rooted permanent lower canine was found in a decomposed human body. Conclusion: Although the victim was not identified by the dental parameter, it was observed that this type of morphological variation is of little incidence in some populations, therefore constituting a valuable tool for dental human identifications.

Atypical appearance of epidermoid cyst in tongue's ventral surface

INTRODUCTION: Epidermoids cysts are benign and rare lesions in oral cavity. It presents as a nodular lesion of sessile base, soft to palpation. In the oral cavity, it most happens on the floor of the mouth's midline. Without treatment, these lesions can lead to dysphagia, dysphonia and dyspnea due to reach a large size. OBJECTIVE: To report a case of a 12-year-old boy presenting a lesion on the tongue's ventral surface causing difficult to swallow. CASE REPORT: The patient was referred to the School of Dentistry of Paulista University, complaining about an asymptomatic nodule on the tongue's ventral surface, lasting for 10 months. Clinical examination showed the extensive fibrous mass on the tongue's medium anterior ventral surface. CONCLUSION: With a clinical diagnosis of dermoid, epidermoid cyst, or lipoma, an excisional biopsy was performed. Histological examination was consistent to the diagnosis of epidermoid cyst. The patient was followed up and 2 years after surgery there was no sign of recurrence.

Synchronous pleomorphic adenoma and periapical cyst: clinical case report / Adenoma pleomorfo e cisto periapical sincrônicos: relato de caso clínico

The pleomorphic adenoma or mixed benign tumor is the most common benign neoplasia of the salivary gland in human beings. It preferentially occurs in the superficial lobe of the parotid gland. In the oral cavity, associated with the minor salivary glands, it has a greater predilection for the palate region, with slight predisposition in women between the 3rd and 4th decades of life. The radicular cyst is an odontogenic inflammatory cyst resulting from pulp lesions caused by traumas or caries. In spite of being relatively common, there are no reports of association with salivary gland tumors. The aim of this work is to report a case of a 36-year-old woman patient, who presented with synchronous development of a pleomorphic adenoma and periapical cyst within the same region. The option taken was to perform enucleation of both lesions,followed by local curettage. The patient has been followed-up clinically and radiographically for around 18 months without signs of recurrence.

O adenoma pleomórfico ou tumor misto benigno é a neoplasia benigna mais comum primária de glândula salivar. Ocorre preferencialmente no lobo superficial da glândula parótida. Na cavidade oral, associado com as glândulas salivares menores, tem uma maior predileção para a região do palato, com ligeira predisposição em mulheres entre a 3 ª e 4 ª décadas de vida. O cisto radicular é um cisto odontogênico inflamatório decorrente de lesões causadas por traumas ou cárie. Apesar de ser relativamente comum, não há relatos de cistos periapicais associados com tumores de glândula salivar. O objetivo deste artigo é relatar um caso de uma paciente de 36 anos de idade com desenvolvimento sincrônico de adenoma pleomorfo e cisto periapical em uma mesma região. A opção tomada foi a de realizar a enucleação de ambas as lesões, seguido de curetagem local. A paciente está sendo acompanhada clínica e radiograficamente por cerca de 18 meses sem sinais de recidiva.

Sialadenoma papilliferum: case report and review of literature / Sialoadenoma papilífero: relato de caso e revisão da literatura

Sialadenoma papilliferum is a rare tumor benign of the salivary glands, that usually occurs in males older than 50 years. It's frequently found in junction of hard and soft palate, but others sites intraoral mucosa as lips, and parotid gland also can to be affected. A 46 year-old male patient was referred to the University Paulista for dental evaluation and was found a lesion besides of the midline in posterior region in hardpalate. After biopsy had done the histopathology analyze and arrived the diagnosis of sialadenoma papilliferum. The patient was followed at 15 months and none evidence of recurrence was related.

O sialoadenoma papilífero é um tumor benigno raro de glândulas salivares que usualmente ocorre em homens com mais de 50 anos de idade. Normalmente localiza-se na junção do palato mole com o palato duro, entretanto outros locais como lábios, mucosa jugal e glândulas parótidas também podem ser afetados. Paciente de 46 anos de idade, gênero masculino foi encaminhado à Universidade Paulista para avaliação dentária e foi observada uma lesão localizada na linha média em região de palato duro posterior. Após a biópsia e análise histopatológica chegou-se ao diagnóstico de sialoadenoma papilífero. O paciente está em acompanhamento há cerca de 15 meses sem sinais de recorrência.

Cleidocranial dysplasia associated with the dentigerous cyst: review of the literature and report of the clinical case / Displasia cleidocraniana associada a cisto dentígero: revisão da literatura e relato de caso clínico

Cleidocranial dysplasia is a developmental anomaly of the skeleton and teeth. It can be inherited as an autosomal dominant characteristic with high penetrance and variable expressivity. It occurs with equal frequency in both genders and races. The clinical appearance of cleidocranial dysplasia is pathognomonic. The stature is mildly to moderately shortened, with neck appearing long and narrow and the shoulders markedly drooped. Maxillary hypoplasia gives the mandible a relatively prognathic appearance, although some patients may show variable mandibular prognathism due to increased length of the mandible in conjunction with short cranial base. The head and neck features are very variable. Herein, we are described one cleidocranial dysplasia case, in an 84 year female patient, with the dentigerous cyst, which she were not kwon the diagnosis of the her congenital syndrome.

A displasia cleidocraniana é uma alteração de desenvolvimento do esqueleto e dos dentes. É uma desordem autossômica dominante com alta penetrância e expressibilidade variada. Ocorre em igual frequência em ambos os gêneros e raças. Suas características clínicas são patognomônicas. Apresenta estatura baixa a moderada, com aparência do pescoço longo e os ombros caídos. Hipoplasia da maxila gera um aparente prognatismo. As características clinicas em cabeça e pescoço são muito variadas. Este relato descreve um caso de uma paciente de 84 anos com displasia cleidocraniana associada a cisto dentígero a qual não sabia ser portadora de tal síndrome congênita.

Importance of cone beam computed tomography for diagnosis of calcifyingcystic odontogenic tumor associated to odontoma. Report of a case

The calcifying cystic odontogenic tumour (CCOT) is a rare benign cystic neoplasm not infrequently associatedwith odontoma. This report documents a case of CCOT associated with compound odontoma arising in theanterior maxilla in a 25-year-old woman. Conventional radiographs showed a large calcified mass with poorlyvisualized radiolucent margins. The extent and condition of the internal structure of the CCOT associated withodontoma was able to be determined based on radiographic findings from cone beam computed tomography.This advanced image technique proved to be extremely useful in the radiographic assessment of this particularneoplasm of the jawbones (AU)

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Importance of cone beam computed tomography for diagnosis of calcifying cystic odontogenic tumour associated to odontoma. Report of a case.

The calcifying cystic odontogenic tumour (CCOT) is a rare benign cystic neoplasm not infrequently associated with odontoma. This report documents a case of CCOT associated with compound odontoma arising in the anterior maxilla in a 25-year-old woman. Conventional radiographs showed a large calcified mass with poorly visualized radiolucent margins. The extent and condition of the internal structure of the CCOT associated with odontoma was able to be determined based on radiographic findings from cone beam computed tomography. This advanced image technique proved to be extremely useful in the radiographic assessment of this particular neoplasm of the jawbones.

Estimativa da idade por meio de análise radiográfica dos dentes e da articulação do punho: relato de caso pericial / Determination of age by dental and wrist joint radiograph analyses: a forensic case report

A estimativa da idade é um procedimento pericial complexo e que necessita de uma abordagem multidisciplinar visando obter uma idade média ou intervalo mais próximos da idade cronológica do indivíduo periciado. Durante o exame clínico, diversos parâmetros biológicos devem ser considerados e uma análise ósseo-dentária torna-se imprescindível, pelo fato dos fatores ambientais interferirem menos no desenvolvimento dos tecidos mineralizados. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso pericial em que a maioridade penal de um indivíduo foi comprovada mediante exame pericial de estimativa de idade. Para tanto, foram analisados os níveis de fechamento apical dos terceiros molares e o grau de fechamento epifisário do rádio e ulna, por meio de radiografias panorâmica e carpal, respectivamente. Estes dados foram aplicados em tabelas nacionais e internacionais, resultando na obtenção de um intervalo de idade que possibilitou a instauração do procedimento policial, fundamentada em critérios técnicos e científicos.

Tumor odontogênico adenomatóide: relato de caso clínico / Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor: report of case

O tumor odontogênico adenomatóide é uma lesão benigna, não invasiva, de crescimento lento, porém progressivo. Apresenta predileção pela região anterior de maxila e por mulheres jovens. Geralmente apresenta - se assintomático e não excede 3 cm em seu maior diâmetro. Normalmente está associado com um canino incluso sendo que molares e incisivos laterais não erupcionados raramente são envolvidos. Propusemos relatar um caso de tumor odontogênico adenomatóide associado a um incisivo lateral em uma adolescente de 14 anos assim como revisar os aspectos clínicos, radiográficos, biológicos e tratamento do tumor odontogênico adenomatóide